It's possible to find phones without cameras attached, but it's getting harder and harder to find them. Which is kind of a problem for people who work in restricted access sites (where oddly, they don't want you walking in and out with a camera of any kind).
It seems like 12-13 is a pretty standard age for most kids to get cell phones. That's about the age where they're going to be hanging out with friends and involved in other activities where they'll be out of your sight more often than just to/from school. Don't spend a lot of money on the phone. In fact, make sure the first phone you buy them is cheap, but with a promise that if they don't lose it and follow the rules, they'll get one with more features in a year (next birthday/christmas/whatever).
Either don't enable texting at all, or pay for an unlimited plan. Unless the phone/plan is completely pre-pay, you might get screwed doing it any other way. If you get a limited plan, make sure it's of the "we shut off the feature at X minutes" and not "you get the pre-pay rate up to x minutes, then we charge you the big bucks". I've just heard way to many nightmare stories about that. In any case, you'll want to make sure that the voice connection will always work no matter where the minutes are, which can be a problem with a hard limited minutes plan. The whole point of the phone is so that you can contact your child, and your child can contact you. If hitting some cap prevents that from happening, then the purpose of the phone is defeated and that'll suck.
The parents are always going to be the best judge of their child, of course. But I don't think it's out of the ordinary for kids to get cell phones around middle school age. The biggest factor is responsibility, and only you can judge that.