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Preliminary "cure" for diabetesFollow

#1 Apr 13 2007 at 5:57 AM Rating: Good
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Took me all the way to the BBC to find this, but I'm surprised it hasn't been reported more. Goodness knows CNN loves sensationalist news, so why "Diabetes CURED!" isn't listed on their front page must mean something. Still...

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/6541887.stm wrote:

Diabetes 'blocked by stem cells'
Pancreas cells
Pancreatic cells are lost in type 1 diabetes
Brazilian and US scientists have used transfusions of patients' own stem cells to reverse type 1 diabetes.

People with the condition are known as insulin-dependent, and require regular shots of the hormone.

But 14 out of 15 young people newly diagnosed with the condition no longer needed injections - sometimes for years - following the stem cell treatment.

However, experts warned the Journal of the American Medical Association study was preliminary and inconclusive.


We would wish to avoid false hope based on the very preliminary nature of these results
Dr Iain Frame
Diabetes UK

Q&A: Stem cells

Type 1 diabetes is caused by the patient's own immune system destroying insulin-producing cells in the pancreas.

The researchers, from the University of Sao Paulo, gave the patients powerful drugs to suppress their immune systems in an attempt to stop further destruction of pancreatic cells.

This was followed by transfusions of stem cells taken from their own blood, in effect designed to restart the immune system.

Some patients reacted more quickly to the treatment than others, and the length of the effect also varied.

One patient was able to survive without insulin injections for 35 months, and four others for at least 21 months.


Two patients who responded late did not have to inject themselves for one and five months.

Mechanism unclear

Previous studies have suggested stem cell therapy might be a promising approach for type 1 diabetes.

STEM CELL TECHNOLOGY
Sources of stem cells

Key sources for stem cells are adult organs or embryonic cells
Adult stem cells

Adult stem cells are identified and separated from other cells
Embryonic stem cells

Embryonic stem cells are removed from 5-day-old embryos
Manipulation to form specialised cells

Cells are manipulated to stimulate them to take on a specific function
Uses for stem cells

Specialised cells may then be used to treat unhealthy areas

Stem cells are immature cells which can become different types of adult tissue.

It is thought that in this instance the stem cells may have generated new immune cells which do not target the pancreas, helping to safeguard what remaining insulin-producing cells the patient has left.

However, it is also possible that the treatment may have led to the growth of new insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.

A third possibility is that the treatment stimulated an as yet unknown mechanism which stopped existing beta cells being destroyed.

The results do throw up the possibility that stem cell therapy could have a dramatic impact.

'Preliminary study'

But the study was small, did not monitor the patients for very long and did not compare them with similar patients who were given alternative therapy or remained untreated.

Dr Iain Frame, of the charity Diabetes UK, warned against raising people's hopes on the basis of a "very preliminary" study.

"It is well known that there is often a honeymoon period of relative remission after the onset of Type 1 diabetes that complicates the interpretation of results such as the ones shown in this study.

"All these issues need to be addressed through more research before there are any conclusive findings in this area."

Dr Richard Burt, of Northwestern University, Chicago, who worked on the study, said: "I do not use the word cure, or the word breakthrough, but this is a step forward.

"It is the first time in which a stem cell therapy has been used effectively in this disease."

Previous research has suggested that stem cell therapy can benefit patients with other auto-immune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's.

Of the 2.2 million people with diabetes in the UK, only around 300,000 have the type 1 disease.

However, for unknown reasons, the number of British children under the age of five developing type 1 diabetes has risen five-fold in the last 20 years.


Sorry if it was already reported here, but all I saw was Imus and McCain. It might not be a conclusive cure, but it seems like going more than 20 months without a shot is better than daily injections. At the very least it is a nice step forward, and shows some promise in stem cells.
#2 Apr 13 2007 at 6:14 AM Rating: Excellent
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LockeColeMA wrote:
At the very least it is a nice step forward, and shows some promise in stem cells.
For the record, adult stem cells from the patients' own bodies. I figured someone had better clarify before we hear "You don't understand the difference because the media is lying to you!" from the usual suspects.

Good news though, taken with cautious optimism.
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#3 Apr 13 2007 at 8:12 AM Rating: Good
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Quote:
For the record, adult stem cells from the patients' own bodies.


Very true, Jophiel, thanks for clarifying that.

In other news, you can nowget sperm from bone marrow. And, again clarifying, it is immature sperm right now; they want to make viable sperm within 5 years. Possible uses for it include restoring virility to chemo-treated males. Hurray for science!
#4 Apr 13 2007 at 8:15 AM Rating: Decent
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Possible uses for it include restoring virility to chemo-treated males


Also, those accused of rape can now insist they're being framed by bone marrow transplant recipients.

Gbaji will be all a *******

Haha, *******

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#5 Apr 13 2007 at 5:11 PM Rating: Good
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Jophiel wrote:
LockeColeMA wrote:
At the very least it is a nice step forward, and shows some promise in stem cells.
For the record, adult stem cells from the patients' own bodies. I figured someone had better clarify before we hear "You don't understand the difference because the media is lying to you!" from the usual suspects.


Hah. I wasn't going with that take, however it is interesting that an article about a "cure" using adult stem cells made a point of talking about embryonic stem cells (why?).

Which lead to my initial answer as to why this isn't being covered here in the US. It would undermine the whole "We must fund embryonic stem cell research" argument. Afterall, showing how adult stem cells produce usable cures *today* is a component of the counterargument. Preventing the public from learning how adult stem cells are useful allows the ESC proponents to propagate the "only ESC can save us!!!" argument.

But then I read a bit further...

Quote:
Good news though, taken with cautious optimism.


Exactly right. They didn't actually cure anything. They simply removed the need for injections for a period of time (max 35 months in the study). They also are still collecting data to see what long term effect the treatment had. There was some suggestion that they may have simply increased the "strength" of the immune response that incorrectly targets the pancreas and potentially made those patients worse off in the long run, not better.

It's a long way from something that should be announced as front page news as a cure. Promising research? yes. But there's a heck of a long way left to go.
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#6 Apr 13 2007 at 5:19 PM Rating: Decent
Any cure involving stem cell the Christian Right will make sure to stop.
#7 Apr 13 2007 at 5:32 PM Rating: Good
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King Rimesume wrote:
Any cure involving stem cell the Christian Right will make sure to stop.


Um. Not that I was making the argument too seriously, but you're exactly wrong.

Any cure involving adult stem cells will either be redirected to make it appear that it's embryonic stem cells, or simply not be reported. And not by the Right, but by the left. They want to mandate federal funding for Embryonic Stem Cell research. The Right wants to only fund Adult Stem Cell research, Umbilical Stem Cell research, and Amnionic Stem Cell research.

If some nefarious group were trying to prevent the public from learning about this, it would *not* be the Right. It would be the Left. Cause they're the ones who stand to lose position on this issue if the public at large knew that non-Embryonic stem cells could produce cures too...
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#8 Apr 13 2007 at 6:44 PM Rating: Decent
gbaji wrote:
King Rimesume wrote:
Any cure involving stem cell the Christian Right will make sure to stop.


Um. Not that I was making the argument too seriously, but you're exactly wrong.



Am I?


Here let's explore further shall we?


Bush wrote:
I also believe human life is a sacred gift from our Creator. I worry about a culture that devalues life, and believe as your President I have an important obligation to foster and encourage respect for life in America and throughout the world. And while we're all hopeful about the potential of this
research, no one can be certain that the science will live up to the hope it has generated.


http://www.whitehouse.gov/news/releases/2001/08/20010809-2.html

Hmmmm, expected? Yes. surprising? Not in the least.

Bush is too easy of an example though, so I'll give you a few others.

http://pewforum.org/news/display.php?NewsID=10924

http://bbsnews.net/article.php/20070109124520996

http://www.commondreams.org/views01/1210-04.htm

Still want to continue to spew profusely that the Right has made any solid attempt and seeing past their overly dogmatic, pointless view and better humanity?

Gabji, even as a conservative; surely you have to see how full of shit the Christian Right is, or are you so completely bought into their shit?



#9 Apr 13 2007 at 7:17 PM Rating: Good
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Not to be obvious, but the reason he's vetoing the bill is because it mandates federal funding of Embryonic Stem Cell Research. Why else do you think they keep talking about the "sanctity of human live".

The issue is about using human embryo's to generate stem cells. Not about stem cell research itself. That's a huge strawman. Conservatives support and fund stem cell research using adult stem cells, amniotic stem cells, and umbilical stem cells. While I'm sure you can find the occasional outspoken Church Lady who's confused on what type of Stem Cell research is which, those who actually act on the policies understand this and act in a very consistent manner.


A report on a cure using adult stem cells would bolster the Rights argument that ESC is not the be-all and end-all of stem cell research, and that other forms of stem cell research can and do bear fruit and perhaps we should focus on what we can do with those before grinding up embryos...


Do *you* understand the difference between Embryonic Stem Cells and Adult Stem Cells? Cause it appears that you don't. Which is (sadly) not surprising. Again, a good portion of the Left's argument relies on getting as many people as possible to believe that Stem Cell research *is* ESC and that by blocking one, Bush is blocking the whole thing, is opposed to science in general, does not want to find any cures, etc...

Appears to have worked on you. ;)
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#10 Apr 13 2007 at 7:32 PM Rating: Excellent
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gbaji wrote:
Hah. I wasn't going with that take, however it is interesting that an article about a "cure" using adult stem cells made a point of talking about embryonic stem cells (why?).
He accidentally copied a side-bar re: general stem cell info into the story.

Embryonic stem cell research is legal in England. Not much need for an ulterior motive.
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Wow. Regular ol' Joph fan club in here.
#11 Apr 13 2007 at 7:39 PM Rating: Good
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Jophiel wrote:
gbaji wrote:
Hah. I wasn't going with that take, however it is interesting that an article about a "cure" using adult stem cells made a point of talking about embryonic stem cells (why?).
He accidentally copied a side-bar re: general stem cell info into the story.

Embryonic stem cell research is legal in England. Not much need for an ulterior motive.


Ah. Makes sense. Darn hyper links!!! ;)


Makes for an even better "tinfoilhat" explanation as to why this isn't big news here though. Again. Can't have a story showing that adult stem cells can do anything more then fail next to embryonic stem cells, now can we? ;)
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#12 Apr 13 2007 at 8:56 PM Rating: Default
LockeColeMA wrote:
Took me all the way to the BBC to find this, but I'm surprised it hasn't been reported more. Goodness knows CNN loves sensationalist news, so why "Diabetes CURED!" isn't listed on their front page must mean something. Still...


yes this is GREAT news, but in the US, big business and this includes major drug companies, run the show. that means things like this will not be covered as they should because then big drug companies and insurance companies would lose billions.
#13 Apr 17 2007 at 4:11 AM Rating: Decent
Quote:
The researchers, from the University of Sao Paulo, gave the patients powerful drugs to suppress their immune systems in an attempt to stop further destruction of pancreatic cells.

This was followed by transfusions of stem cells taken from their own blood, in effect designed to restart the immune system.


Just read this interesting topic and because I'm suffering from diabetes type 1 I wanted to add my 2 cents.
As I'm from Europe I cannot add to your stem cell discussion as I'm not up to date with the debate in the US.

But to this new "treatment" I have a few things to say.

For me this does not sound promising. They have found no mechanism thats makes your body to produce insuline again, only a way to stop your immune system to desctruct the cells producing insuline further.

Thus, if all runs perfect your sitting at a partial working insuline production. As diabetes can only be diagnosed by it symptoms which is to few insuline, instant treatment would not help very much.

My diabetes was discovered rather early as doctors said. However my body was only able to produce insuline at around 20 to 30% of the normal amount.
So even you can stop the further process you still need treatment. At least special diet and things like that. This treatment involves suppressing your immune system and starting it again with help of your own stem cells. That sounds like very hard medication for a rather mediocre result. You cannot reverse the damage, you can only stop it at a rather low level or slow down the process.
If that is the treatment I'd rather take my insuline by shots. Not very hard, not very painful (in fact not painful at all except some small blue spots on your skin now and then).
You can stop all effects of diabetes by self medication, so where is actually the problem with diabetes so that you are willingly taking such drastic treatment?
I mean nuking my immune system so that a simple cold might have devastating effects to my health? No thanks.
#14 Apr 17 2007 at 1:32 PM Rating: Decent
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Quote:
The researchers, from the University of Sao Paulo, gave the patients powerful drugs to suppress their immune systems in an attempt to stop further destruction of pancreatic cells.

This was followed by transfusions of stem cells taken from their own blood, in effect designed to restart the immune system.


Mulgrin wrote:
For me this does not sound promising. They have found no mechanism thats makes your body to produce insuline again, only a way to stop your immune system to desctruct the cells producing insuline further.


I thin you didn't read the article correctly. It says that type 1 diabeties is what attacks the pancreas and prevents it from creating insulin. It causes the persons own immune system to do so. So, if they catch the process early enough (which is the point here), they can undergo this proceedure to "fix" the problem, allowing both the immune system to work *and* the body to continue to generate insulin naturally.

My reading is that the supression of the immune system is temporary and intended to give the stem cells time to work.


Mulgrin wrote:
Thus, if all runs perfect your sitting at a partial working insuline production. As diabetes can only be diagnosed by it symptoms which is to few insuline, instant treatment would not help very much.


No. If it works perfectly, your body's immune system will no longer attack the pancreas cells that create insulin, allowing your body to produce it naturally from that point on. That would be a true "cure", not just a treatment.

Quote:
My diabetes was discovered rather early as doctors said. However my body was only able to produce insuline at around 20 to 30% of the normal amount.
So even you can stop the further process you still need treatment. At least special diet and things like that.


Correct. However, that's only stage one. Once you've corrected the problem (immune system attacking the cells that produce insulin), you can then address the problem of rebuilding insulin producing cells in the body. I'm not an expert on diabeties, but my understanding is that these cells do naturally grow and repair themselves, but the body continually destroys them. That's why you have 20-30% insulin production instead of a flat zero.

At the very least, if they perfect this, it means that the insulin production rate can be stabilized without further treatments. Diabeties is a progressive disorder. Today, you're at 20-30%, but over time your ability to produce insuline will diminish and you'll become more and more reliant on shots to survive.

Quote:
This treatment involves suppressing your immune system and starting it again with help of your own stem cells. That sounds like very hard medication for a rather mediocre result. You cannot reverse the damage, you can only stop it at a rather low level or slow down the process.


Again. I'm not an expert on diabeties, nor on the pancreas, but my impression of the article is that it allowed the subjects to produce sufficient insulin levels (for a few years in the best case) all on their own (no insulin shots needed). I'm not sure if that means that they used subjects with mild/early diabeties to start with, or if the pancrease can rebuild its capacity to create insulin if it's given time and an immune system that isn't constantly attacking it.

The stem cells don't regrow the immune system. They drugs suppress it, and when the drugs are stopped, it re-asserts itself. The stem cells grow new pancreas cells that aren't attacked by the immune system, so that they can generate insulin without needing shots.


Obviously, this is a very early stage, but the results are pretty darn promising.
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#15 Apr 18 2007 at 2:44 AM Rating: Decent
You're right I understood it a bit different.

Unfortunately diabetes type 1 is a tricky one. You pancreas is not able to recover. So if your immune systems stops attacking the cells producing insuline, they will not recover. So without external treatment (which is non existent until now) there is no way your insuline production will go up.
The process of destruction of cells can be slowed. The immune system only attacks this cells which are currently producing insuline. So by early treatment with shots of insuline (you have to give yourself shots whenever you eat carbohydrates) your body is produdcing less insuline and thus this cells are destructed at a slower pace. The downturn to this is that you have to adapt your insuline shots over the time as the body's production of insuline slowly decreases. The benefit is, that you can prevent the extremes. If you forget to give you a shot, the body can compensate somewhat.

However the main problem of diagnosing diabetes is, especially with type 1, that you learn of the problem when it is to late, that means when you cannot produce enough insuline on your own. You discover diabetes through either increased concentration of sugar in your blood system or by symptoms of this fact (very thirsty all the time, loosing weight, and many other).

I actually was at 20-30% when it has been diagnosed. Now 5 years later I'm at 0-3%, which also is quite normal. When firstly diagnosed concentration of sugar in my blood was 4 times above normal values which is very unhealthy and dangerous in the long term.
Until now there is no reliable way of diagnosing type 1 diabetes as long the patient can produce "enough" insuline since no external symptoms are available. The person appears to be totally healthy. The reason for this is that your body can normally produce 300-400% more insuline than normally is needed.
You discover diabetes by its symptoms which only occur when there is not enough insuline production left to keep your body working in a normal way. So every type 1 diabetes patient had the illness for a few months/years already andneeds some form of treatment from begin on.
If your body is able to still produce some insuline (which is the case for the first few months/years with most patients) it might be sufficient to change your diet and do a lot of sports (as this increases the effects of insuline). That however will not be sufficient for a long time.

So if they only are able to stop the process, you still don't have a sufficient level of insuline production and you will likely need shots. If they could prevent usage of shots by only a few months to a few years that is not very impressive. The first few months I needed not very much insuline. When doing sports I sometimes did not have to take a shot. So by changing my diet and doing a lot of sports I might have prevented further treatment for around a year.
The whole thing becomes viable if they can restart the body's insuline production; however there is still a far way to go on that topic.
The last decade there where experiments with pancreas transplants. This might be a viable way if you can suppress the immune system from attacking those cells producing insuline. That transplants worked (if they where accepted by your body) for around 2-4 years (since the immune system still attacked the cells which produce insuline).
However this operations had a mortality rate between 10 and 20%.
Apart from producing insuline the pancreas has many other functions and there where a lot of complications.

So until there is no viable way to restart insuline production, there is a very long way to go.
Just being able to stop immune system attacking your own body will not be sufficient for anyone having diabetes.
#16 Apr 18 2007 at 11:01 AM Rating: Good
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gbaji

Stick to what you know.
Embarassing mate. Seriously.

Post about butt-plugs and dictionary parties or sumfink
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#17 Apr 18 2007 at 11:20 AM Rating: Good
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Oh, and fwiw,

/agree with Mulgrin - at best this has significant limitations, and Iain Frame spoke recently and sounded far more cautious to me (I'd go as far as "skeptical") about this work. Aside from its sustainability, there are serious questions about its scalability.
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#18 Apr 18 2007 at 12:38 PM Rating: Default
This is great and all, but now it's just one less thing for people to fear from obesity...
#19 Apr 18 2007 at 12:50 PM Rating: Good
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Codyy wrote:
This is great and all, but now it's just one less thing for people to fear from obesity...
That is fUcking priceless.

Guns don't kill people Codyy . . . Burgers do!
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#20 Apr 18 2007 at 1:51 PM Rating: Good
Codyy wrote:
This is great and all, but now it's just one less thing for people to fear from obesity...


Er...this article is talking about Type 1 or juvenile diabetes, an autoimmune disease where patients cannot produce enough insulin, which generally begins in childhood and has a very strong correlation with hereditary factors.

You're talking about Type 2 diabetes, a disease where patients become insulin-resistant; their body continues to produce plenty of insulin but it becomes ineffective due to constant high levels of insulin in the bloodstream (usually caused by or correlated with obesity). This treatment could not possibly provide any sort of help to patients with Type 2 diabetes, because the mechanism of disease is completely different.
#21 Apr 18 2007 at 1:55 PM Rating: Good
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KyrilFenrir the Irrelevant wrote:
Er...this article is talking about Type 1 or juvenile diabetes
You know Iain Frame (and a range of WHO specialists) regularly speaks about the link between puerile and adolescent obesity and Type 1 Diabetes right?
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#22 Apr 18 2007 at 2:16 PM Rating: Good
Nobby wrote:
KyrilFenrir the Irrelevant wrote:
Er...this article is talking about Type 1 or juvenile diabetes
You know Iain Frame (and a range of WHO specialists) regularly speaks about the link between puerile and adolescent obesity and Type 1 Diabetes right?


Nope, that's Type 2.

Wikipedia entry

Quote:
It should be noted that there is no known preventative measure that can be taken against type 1 diabetes. Most people affected by type 1 diabetes are otherwise healthy and of a healthy weight when onset occurs. Diet and exercise cannot reverse or prevent type 1 diabetes. Sensitivity and responsiveness to insulin are usually normal, especially in the early stages. This type comprises up to 10% of total cases in North America and Europe, though this varies by geographical location. This type of diabetes can affect children or adults but was traditionally termed "juvenile diabetes" because it represents a majority of cases of diabetes affecting children.


versus:

Quote:
Obesity is found in approximately 55% of patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.[13] Other factors include aging (about 20% of elderly patients are diabetic in North America) and family history (Type 2 is much more common in those with close relatives who have had it), although in the last decade it has increasingly begun to affect children and adolescents, likely in connection with the greatly increased childhood obesity seen in recent decades in some places.


Edit: I did find an article linking Obesity and younger age of onset of type 1 diabetes, but only in patients whose insulin production was already severely compromised (i.e. they were already developing Type 1 diabetes, and obesity just accelerated the process);

Quote:
"The increasing prevalence of childhood obesity may substantially account for the younger age at onset of type 1 diabetes observed in various populations," said researchers at Wake Forest University School of Medicine.

The study, which was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, involved 449 participants who were under 20 at the time of the diabetes diagnosis.

But the scientists caution that their findings are not all encompassing, noting that the connection to obesity was observed only in those patients in which the production of insulin by beta cells in the pancreas already had been severely compromised.


Edited, Apr 18th 2007 10:20pm by KyrilFenrir
#23 Apr 18 2007 at 2:23 PM Rating: Good
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KyrilFenrir the Irrelevant wrote:
Nope, that's Type 2.
Nope. I said Type 1 because I meant Type 1. You might want to read Iain's recent papers there ace. (along with a few recent WHO conference reports - I'm not at work so do your own google)

Yes, Obesity is a major factor in type 2 (along with unsaturated fats, booze, smoking etc) but there are relationships becoming apparent between Type 1 and puerile obesity, with an acknowledgement that the link may be an underlying predisposition to both.

Smiley: schooled Cite Wikipedia for mainstream stuff by all means. But for cutting edge stuff, you may need to be a tad more current.

It's all about the epidemiology baby
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#24 Apr 18 2007 at 2:33 PM Rating: Good
Bah. I don't like cutting-edge epidemiology...these are the same people who release conflicting studies every week about whether hormone treatment increases or decreases the risk of breast cancer and/or heart disease, whether lower cholesterol actually decreases risk of death from heart disease, and pretty much everything else under the sun. Eggs are good! Eggs are bad! Take your vitamins! Vitamins don't do anything for you! Antidepressants cause suicidal thoughts! Antidepressants lower suicide risk! Whatever.

I've been doing a bit more reading on this subject, but I have yet to find a source that says that childhood obesity causes Type 1 diabetes in kids who are not already high-risk for the disease. It may lower the age of onset, and it may make at-risk kids more likely to develop it, but it does not seem to be a causative factor like it clearly is for Type 2. Considering that parents of kids with Type 1 diabetes risk factors should already be paying close attention to their children's health...I don't see how a potential "cure" for Type 1 would mean "one less thing for people to fear from obesity."

Edited, Apr 18th 2007 10:34pm by KyrilFenrir
#25 Apr 18 2007 at 2:42 PM Rating: Good
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KyrilFenrir the Irrelevant wrote:
Bah. I don't like cutting-edge epidemiology...these are the same people who release conflicting studies every week about whether hormone treatment increases or decreases the risk of breast cancer and/or heart disease, whether lower cholesterol actually decreases risk of death from heart disease, and pretty much everything else under the sun. Eggs are good! Eggs are bad! Take your vitamins! Vitamins don't do anything for you! Antidepressants cause suicidal thoughts! Antidepressants lower suicide risk! Whatever.

I've been doing a bit more reading on this subject, but I have yet to find a source that says that childhood obesity causes Type 1 diabetes in kids who are not already high-risk for the disease. It may lower the age of onset, and it may make at-risk kids more likely to develop it, but it does not seem to be a causative factor like it clearly is for Type 2. Considering that parents of kids with Type 1 diabetes risk factors should already be paying close attention to their children's health...I don't see how a potential "cure" for Type 1 would mean "one less thing for people to fear from obesity."
I didn't say "cause". (And neither did Iain).

I said "relationship", cUnt.

And don't get me started on co-diagnosis, motherfUcker
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#26 Apr 18 2007 at 6:32 PM Rating: Decent
Nobby wrote:
Codyy wrote:
This is great and all, but now it's just one less thing for people to fear from obesity...
That is fUcking priceless.

Guns don't kill people Codyy . . . Burgers do!
That's what my doctor said!

I didn't believe him...
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