Kelvyquayo wrote:
So, no species ever "evolves" or changes into another species then? It's all just that some die off while others thrive...
No individual animal changes into another species.
To use the classic Darwinian example, pretend you have an island and, on this island, you have a population of finches. These finches all have long pointed beaks and long legs for hanging onto the stems of thistle plants and pulling the small seeds out of the spikey tops.
Now imagine that the finch population is enough to start to eat all the available thistle seeds and now you have a some hungry finches who attempt to eat the heavier pine nuts that have fallen to the ground. Some may prove more adept at this than others because they randomly have stronger, thicker beaks or shorter legs to support themselves on the ground or whatever. Because the thistle-eaters are starving off, those capable of eating nuts are stronger and healthier and are best able to mate and, of course, they mate with other nut eaters. Their babies, coming from two nut-eating finches are more likely to also show the traits better suited to eating nuts. This doesn't mean all the thistle eaters have died though and, as the thistle population recovers, you see a rebound in thistle finches as well as the nut finches. At this point, perhaps the nut finches find it easier to stay were the nuts are rather than try to cling to a stem and pick thistles with their shorter legs and beaks and the thistle finches find it easier to remain among the thistles. Over time, the two populations may become increasingly divergent through inbreeding with their own kind until they become distinct subspecies and then, eventually their genetic codes are different enough that they've become seperate species.
This was an amazingly super-simplified version of events since evolution doesn't occur that quickly. It's just to illustrate how different members of a single species may, over time, adapt and change to fill an open ecological niche. This could be due to food supply, climate, predators, attracting mates, surviving disease or whatever.
One thing that Darwinian evolution does NOT attempt to do is explain the very genesis of life. There's various theories about how we arrived from the primal goo, but Charles Darwin wasn't a guy who was trying to explain it.