sonicmonkeys wrote:
Here is what we need to do in global policy.
[li]Use war as a last resort when the U.S. is threatened.
[li]Put all of our power behind a global community to ensure that every country is united behind a cause.
[li]Sanction dangerous countries with the threat that every country in this global community will declare war equally against them if they do not disarm or allow inspections.
Ok. Right off the bat I see a problem. Points 1 and 3 are contradictory. First, you say we shouldn't use war except as a last resort when the US is threatended (presumably we can replace "US" with any given country that might be considering military action and apply this to all nations). But then you say that the sanctions will contain the "threat" that every country in the global community will declar war if they don't disarm or allow inspections.
Um... What if they don't disarm or allow inspections, but some people (I'll be polite and not call them idiots) insist that that does not represent a "threat" to the US? Isn't that exactly what happened? Can you prove that in all cases, a nation not meeting the terms of a UN resolution means it's directly being threatened? I don't think so at all.
You seem to half "get it". Sanctions have no power unless there is the underlying threat of military action if they aren't met. But at what point do we decide that it's time to take military action? After 10 years? 20? 30? In the case of Iraq, even after 11 years of failure to comply (and not just a little bit of a failure), the UN as a body was still unwilling to use force to enforce its own sanctions. Instead, it proceeded to spend that 11 years making 12 more resolutions, each stating that Iraq had failed to meet the last one and resolving that they should.
The threat of war you list in point 3 *must* be used when a nation doesn't meet the terms required of them, or the entire thing collapses. That's the point that a lot of people don't seem to get. The power of those sanctions flow from that threat. If you are unwilling to carry it out, then the sanctions have no power, and the entire UN becomes a meaningless institution. It was abundantly obvious to anyone who was paying attention that the UN as a group had no intention of ever taking military action against Iraq regardless of how flagrantly Iraq violated the terms of the cease fire. And Saddam took advantage of that. He was counting on the UN not taking action unless he actually attacked someone else.
You need to redefine point 1 to be "the US agrees to go to war if terms of a UN resolution are ignored to the point where it feels it must take military action in order to enforce said resolution, and where it feels its interests are sufficiently involved to justify military action in the first place". You can redefine it how you wish, but you can't simply define it as requiring a direct threat.
On a side note. You are aware that your rules are scarily similar to the global policies that resulted in both WW1 and WW2, right? Countries only taking action if they were directly attacked, meaning that no one stepped in to stop agressors until it was too late and everyone got sucked into a massive conflict. If we are to attempt to have a global body (like the UN) that mediates conflicts with the goal to prevent large world wars in the future, then it's critically important that the UN as a body recognizes that it may have to conduct military operations as part of it's goal, and member nations must be willing to step up as part of those operations even when they are not themselves directly threatened.
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Now how do we apply these to the situations in Iraq?
[li]When Saddam Hussein refused U.N. weapons inspectors in 1998 continue to keep sanctions on his country to keep him powerless. This is an extremely effective tool. (We did this)
[li]When the U.N. weapons inspectors were allowed back into Iraq and found no evidence of the capability to launch any form of attack in 2002, we continue to live peacefully with Iraq.
[li]If we found evidence they had weapons of mass destruction and the ability to attack a country, we invade with the force of every other country in the world behind us.
So, what is wrong with this plan? I would like to know so I can improve it.
What's wrong with that plan specifically is that it ignores the actual terms of the
UN resolution that made up the cease fire agreement. You keep limiting the terms to Iraq "possessing WMD", but those *aren't* the terms of the cease fire. Sanctions aren't supposed to keep him from having WMD. He's supposed to willingling give them up. Inspectors finding evidence that Iraq "possess WMD" is not the only criteria. But let's look at the relevant bits.
Specifically paragraphs 8 through 14. Let's see just how many things they violated:
8. Decides that Iraq shall unconditionally accept the destruction, removal, or rendering harmless, under international supervision, of:
(a) All chemical and biological weapons and all stocks of agents and all related subsystems and components and all research, development, support and manufacturing facilities;
(b) All ballistic missiles with a range greater than 150 kilometres and related major parts, and repair and production facilities; Oops. Note. It's not just weapons. It's all related subsystems and compounds, and all research (like those documents found hidden in a scientists home long after the resolution), development, support and manufacturing facilities.
And it's supposed to be "unconditional". Let's glance at
Hans Blix's statement on the matter:
Quote:
... Iraq appears not to have come to a genuine acceptance, not even today, of the disarmament which was demanded of it and which it needs to carry out to win the confidence of the world and to live in peace.
Hmmm... So. 11 years later. Still not "unconditionally" disarming. This isn't the Bush administration saying this. This is the guy the UN hired to do the report of the UN inspection progress. Despite this, the UN as a body decided to continue following a course that had failed for 11 years. Gotta wonder about that. Maybe they were following your flawed rules above?
9. Decides, for the implementation of paragraph 8 above, the following:
(a) Iraq shall submit to the Secretary-General, within fifteen days of the adoption of the present resolution, a declaration of the locations, amounts and types of all items specified in paragraph 8 and agree to urgent, on-site inspection as specified below; Didn't get this. Certainly not within 15 days. Heck. We were still wrangling with them on this 11 years later. If Iraq had complied to this, we would not have needed to have weapons inspectors combing the Iraqi countryside for 11 years looking for weapons materials. Use your noggin. It really is that obvious.
(b) The Secretary-General, in consultation with the appropriate Governments and, where appropriate, with the Director-General of the World Health Organization, within forty-five days of the passage of the present resolution, shall develop, and submit to the Council for approval, a plan calling for the completion of the following acts within forty-five days of such approval: You'd think with all these "15 days"/"45 days" concepts that maybe after 11 years something would have been done? You'd almost think that they expected immediate compliance from Iraq on this issue. While I'm sure the UN got this stuff done on time, Iraq certainly did not follow up with the same degree of urgency.
(i) The forming of a Special Commission, which shall carry out immediate on-site inspection of Iraq's biological, chemical and missile capabilities, based on Iraq's declarations and the designation of any additional locations by the Special Commission itself; This is the weapons inspectors. Note, They're only supposed to inspect and verify that Iraq was doing what it said. Their job is not to look for WMDs, but to witness Iraq declaring and destroying them. Hmmm... Failed that one too.
(ii) The yielding by Iraq of possession to the Special Commission for destruction, removal or rendering harmless, taking into account the requirements of public safety, of all items specified under paragraph 8 (a) above, including items at the additional locations designated by the Special Commission under paragraph 9 (b) (i) above and the destruction by Iraq, under the supervision of the Special Commission, of all its missile capabilities, including launchers, as specified under paragraph 8 (b) above; Oh wait! But this is all hinged on Iraq actually providing that list of weapons, facilities, documents, and materials mentioned in paragraph 8. But since they didn't do that (or at least didn't provide a nearly complete list), the rest of this stuff can't really be called done either, can it?
(iii) The provision by the Special Commission of the assistance and cooperation to the Director-General of the International Atomic Energy Agency required in paragraphs 12 and 13 below; We'll get to this part later...
10. Decides that Iraq shall unconditionally undertake not to use, develop, construct or acquire any of the items specified in paragraphs 8 and 9 above and requests the Secretary-General, in consultation with the Special Commission, to develop a plan for the future ongoing monitoring and verification of Iraq's compliance with this paragraph, to be submitted to the Security Council for approval within one hundred and twenty days of the passage of this resolution; Wait! Let's read that carefully. They shall "unconditionally" undertake not to use, develop, construct, or acquire those items. Um... So when we found tons of the stuff in 1995 (four years after this resolution was signed) did that not count? So it's not a violation if Iraq gets caught and then admits that they were hiding stuff? Hmmm... another violation.
11. Invites Iraq to reaffirm unconditionally its obligations under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons of 1 July 1968;
12. Decides that Iraq shall unconditionally agree not to acquire or develop nuclear weapons or nuclear-weapons-usable material or any subsystems or components or any research, development, support or manufacturing facilities related to the above; to submit to the Secretary-General and the Director-General of the International Atomic Energy Agency within fifteen days of the adoption of the present resolution a declaration of the locations, amounts, and types of all items specified above; to place all of its nuclear-weapons-usable materials under the exclusive control, for custody and removal, of the International Atomic Energy Agency, with the assistance and cooperation of the Special Commission as provided for in the plan of the Secretary-General discussed in paragraph 9 (b) above; to accept, in accordance with the arrangements provided for in paragraph 13 below, urgent on-site inspection and the destruction, removal or rendering harmless as appropriate of all items specified above; and to accept the plan discussed in paragraph 13 below for the future ongoing monitoring and verification of its compliance with these undertakings; This last bit is especially important. Note that everything here is also covered under the broader "WMD" provisions in the paragraph above it. But I'm going to mention this specifically.
Remember the whole Joe Wilson deal? Where Bush stated that Iraq "sought to obtain a significant quantity of uranium from Africa" (Niger as it turns out)? Remember Wilson's op-ed piece where he states that he was outraged about that statement in Bush's SOTU speech because he was the guy who went to Niger to look into the issue and he determined that Iraq did not buy any uranium so there was nothing to it? Guess what he didn't tell you? That's yet another strawman. While he certainly did establish that Iraq did not purchase uranium from Niger, in the process he did prove that Irag *tried* to buy uranium from Niger. In fact, it was his report to the CIA about the attempted purchase that prompted Bush's statement in the speech.
Point being that Wilson never debunked what Bush said. This is another case of arguing against something that wasn't said, and is remarkably similar to the "possessed WMD versus having capability and intent to build WMD" argument earlier. Bush didn't say that Iraq obtained uranium. He only said Iraq "sought to obtain" uranium.
Now. Read this section. Specifically where it states in clear language: "Iraq shall unconditionally agree not to acquire or develop nuclear weapons or nuclear-weapons-usable material or any subsystems or components or any research, development, support or manufacturing facilities related to the above".
Hmmm... You could argue that since Iraq didn't actually obtain the materials they tried to buy, that it's not a violation. However, that's kinda splitting hairs. Clearly, if Iraq is attempting to obtain uranium then they are actively trying to violate the terms of the cease fire. The fact that they failed doesn't exonerate them. They clearly have no intent to honor the agreement. And this is not in 1995 either. More like 1998 IIRC...
And on a side note. What do you *think* they were going to do with the uranium they purchased? It was on the sanctioned materials lists, so it's not like they could have built a nuclear power plant with it or anything. And they'd have had a heck of a time building a nuke under the current conditions. The only logical use for uranium under those conditions is to construct radiological devices, most likely with the intent to use human delivery systems for them (ie: terrroists). Either that, or just hide it somewhere until the sanctions and inspections end, and then get a jump start on restarting its nuclear weapons program.
Either alternative is a pretty clear violation of the terms of paragraph 8, right? They're supposed to be unconditionally turning over all WMD related materials, not obtaining more in secret. Think about it...
13. Requests the Director-General of the International Atomic Energy Agency, through the Secretary-General, with the assistance and cooperation of the Special Commission as provided for in the plan of the Secretary-General in paragraph 9 (b) above, to carry out immediate on-site inspection of Iraq's nuclear capabilities based on Iraq's declarations and the designation of any additional locations by the Special Commission; to develop a plan for submission to the Security Council within forty-five days calling for the destruction, removal, or rendering harmless as appropriate of all items listed in paragraph 12 above; to carry out the plan within forty-five days following approval by the Security Council; and to develop a plan, taking into account the rights and obligations of Iraq under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons of 1 July 1968, for the future ongoing monitoring and verification of Iraq's compliance with paragraph 12 above, including an inventory of all nuclear material in Iraq subject to the Agency's verification and inspections to confirm that Agency safeguards cover all relevant nuclear activities in Iraq, to be submitted to the Security Council for approval within one hundred and twenty days of the passage of the present resolution; This one actually kinda got met. But only because it's pretty darn hard to hide active nuclear weapons materials. Um... But they still hid everthing they could after the fact in terms of documents, scientists, and secondary materials. Which is still a violation of the terms of the agreement. Iraq can't just decide to only meet some terms and call it a day. They must meet all of them, or at least show good faith in their efforts. Can anyone argue that anything Iraq did with regards to this agreement was done in "good faith"? I certainly don't think so.
14. Takes note that the actions to be taken by Iraq in paragraphs 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13 of the present resolution represent steps towards the goal of establishing in the Middle East a zone free from weapons of mass destruction and all missiles for their delivery and the objective of a global ban on chemical weapons; Hmmm... Do you really think that Iraq's actions between 1991 and 2002 were in keeping with this stated goal? I don't think so.
Again. This is *only* the bits relevant to WMDs. Of the terms Iraq was required to meet, it pretty much failed on every single count. The rest of the resolution is similar.
My point is that you (and lots of other people, so don't feel like I'm singling you out!) keep oversimplifying the issue down to whether or not Iraq physically possessed constructed and ready to use warheads with biological, chemical, or nuclear payloads. But that was *not* the extent of the requirements. While the news agencies made a big deal out of the physical weapons (cause they're scary!), and certainly you can find a zillion soundbites from various politicians on both sides taling about those physical weapons (for much the same reason), the meat of the issue wasn't about the weapons themselves. It was about the materials, the documents, the scientists, the facilities, and the overall productive capability involving those weapons. You tend to believe it's just about the weapons themselves because that's all your news reported. You've likely never read the UN resolution, nor really read any of the speeches about Iraq's lack of compliance except probably those bits that had to do directly with the weapons themselves.
Were you decieved? Maybe. But it's not deception so much as ignorance of the whole facts. Just because the news only rattles off the one paragraph in a document that mentions WMDs, or the one sentence from a speech that does, does not mean that there weren't other terms and statements made. You just didn't hear them. You are a victim of the keyhole nature of the news media far more then any overarching conspiracy by your elected officials to snowball you. No one kept the whole facts from you. They just didn't broadcast it into your living room on your TV for easy consumption. It's not the responsibility of the government to inform you. That's your job. If you believed that we went to war because Iraq possessed WMD and *only* for that reason, then you didn't inform yourself as to why we really went there.
And that's not my fault. Or Bush's. Or Congresses. It's yours...
Edited, Mon Jan 23 23:53:35 2006 by gbaji