The easiest way to get to Exalted would be to skip all the CE rep quests until after you're honored. The non-heroic version of these instances stops giving rep after that (except for the bosses and the bog giants in UB). Then you can finish the quests in Hellfire and Zanga, and when you get to Blades Edge, there are some more CE quests.
Here's a list of the gear I think I had when I started heroics.
Head: Stylin' Purple Hat (Crafted, LW)
Neck: Mark of the Ravenguard (Brother against Brother quest, Sethekk Halls)
Shoulders: if you like to PvP, get the Gladiator's Dragonhide Shoulders, if not, Shoulderpads of Assassination (Sethekk Halls, Talon Lord Ikiss)
Back: Thoriumweave Cloak (The Mechanar, Mechano-lord Capacitus)
Chest: Heavy Clefthoof Chest (Crafted, LW)
Wrists: Umberhowl's Collar (Quest chain in SMV, starts with The Hand of Gul-Dan, the quest in the chain you need is )
Hands: Verdant Gloves (Quest chain in SMV, The Ata'mal Terrace)
Waist: Manimal's Cinch (Quest chain in SMV)
Legs: Heavy Clefthoof Leggings
Feet: Heavy Clefthoof Boots
Rings: Iron Band of the Unbreakable x2 (Old Hillsbrad, Lt Drake)
Trinket1: Adamantine Figurine (Shadow Labyrinth, Blackheart the Inciter)
Trinket2: Charm of Alacrity (Quest chain in Hellfire, In Case of Emergency...)
Weapon: Braxxis Staff of Slumber or Earthwarden
It's worth saying that in Kara, there are some boss fights where you need 2 tanks, and some where you need 1. You should always have a set of cat DPS gear with you.